Solow Growth Model

Solow model †how well it holds in reality? Arranged by:- Amol Rattan (75013) Introduction Prior to Solow Model, Harrod Domar model had indicated how the reserve funds rate could assume a pivotal job in deciding the Long run pace of Growth. Solow model anyway demonstrated an outcome that was in opposition to what Harrod Domar model had anticipated. It demonstrated that investment funds has just level impact on pay and the development pace of salary relies on the pace of productivity or specialized advancement in the nation. Solow Model depends on specific suppositions 1. There are consistent comes back to Scale(CRS) 2.The creation work is standard neoclassical creation work with unavoidable losses to factor 3. The business sectors are totally serious 4. Families spare at a consistent investment funds rate ‘s’ Equilibrium in Solow Model is characterized as the consistent state level of capital where the economy develops at a steady rate. By accepting that the two vari ables of creation are capital and work per effectiveness unit, it very well may be indicated that investment funds just influences the degree of per capita salary. It is just the pace of development of effectiveness which decides the pace of development of per capita output.For creation work: Y= K? L1-? Consistent state esteems are: y†¢=[s/? +? +n]? /1-? k†¢ =[s/? +? +n]1/1-? Target I) To discover how evident the consequence of assembly of Solow model holds for an example of nations of the world ii) Test Solow model for India for the period 1990-2008 Methodology I) To discover how obvious the aftereffect of combination of Solow model holds for an example of nations of the world †¢ To demonstrate: Convergence result Solow model predicts that all countries with same parameter of reserve funds rate, populace development rate and deterioration rate will all develop at a similar rate in long run.This suggests A) The rich nations (characterized as those at significant level of pay) will develop at a lower rate B) The poor nations will develop at a quicker rate These conditions imply that poor people nations can find the rich nations over the long haul. †¢ Test of assembly Regression We test the connection ln(rate of development of y) = ? + ? ln(initial estimation of y) Conditions An and B infer that the coefficient ? should be negative Result: For an example of 23 nations for period 1990-2008 we discover: 1) the estimation of ? = - 0. 377451859 ) I t is profoundly critical as the likelihood value(pvalue) is near zero 3) The connection of ln pace of development of per capita pay over the period with beginning salary is negative 4) % of information development of pace of development is clarified by the underlying degree of pay. It bodes well likewise as pace of development depends on the underlying degree of pay as well as different elements like training, R&D, and so forth Standard deviation We test how standard deviation of relative salaries (comparative with US) of the nations changes after some time. Assembly infers that pay of nations become increasingly more equal.So we anticipate that standard deviations should diminish after some time. Result: Standard deviation falls after some time for the example of nations suggesting assembly Caveats The outcomes that we get are predictable with the hypothetical outcomes. Anyway the vast majority of the exact work that has been done on Solow Model has demonstrated the contrary outcome I. e. unqualified combination isn't believed to hold. The explanation behind this could the examining blunder. We have to take a bigger informational index to test it again before tolerating. ii) Test Solow model for India for the period 1990-2008Solow model gives us the consistent state estimation of per capita salary as y†¢=[s/? +? +n]? /1-? Taking log on the two sides ln y†¢= (? /1-? )ln(s) †(? /1-? )ln(? +? +n) We gauge this condition for India for the period 1990-2008 A priori hypothesis reveals to us that o The indications of ln s and ln (n+ ? +? ) ought to be inverse o The indication of ln s should be sure suggesting a positive effect of investment funds on level of per capita salary o The indication of populace development increment in proficiency and devaluation should be negative as they lead to disintegration of capital stock per capita.Result: 1. The signs are according to the desires. Reserve funds have surely positively affected the degree of per capita salary. The coefficient of sparing is noteworthy at 5 % level of noteworthiness 2. The indication of n +? +? is negative true to form. In spite of the fact that the estimation of the coefficient is little. It is difficult to accept that 1 % expansion in populace development rate or deterioration rate or proficiency diminishes per capita degree of yield by only 0. 3 %. Also, this term isn't critical. 3.The explanation could again be because of the way that expansion in use on training has been tak en an intermediary for expanding productivity. Maybe development pace of use is certainly not a decent intermediary and along these lines we get such outcomes. End Thus the two tests that we have taken demonstrate a portion of the consequences of the Solow model yet not all. Reserve funds do positively affect per capita degree of salary and assembly appears to exist for the arrangement of nations that we have taken. SOURCE 1. http://information. un. organization/2. http://databank. worldbank. organization/3. http://www. oecd. organization/

Yellow Freight Merger Essays

Yellow Freight Merger Essays Yellow Freight Merger Essay Yellow Freight Merger Essay In the wake of ongoing industry combination, Yellow and Roadway Corporation were searching for approaches to fortify their organizations. In 2003, Yellow Corporation, the nation’s second biggest shipping organization, gained the business head, Roadway Corporation, making Yellow-Roadway Corporation. The blend system was to bring both the organizations qualities together to catch noteworthy cooperative energies and development openings. The executives chose to stay with the two brands working independently, proceeding with them to contend with one another. With an end goal to grow their geographic degree and work locally, Yellow-Roadway purchased USF Corp in 2005; and kept on working each brand independently. Shockingly throughout the following couple years Yellow Corporation and Roadway Corporation had to combine tasks. In 2009, they changed their name to YRC Worldwide, Inc. to mirror their conclusion of the merger. Because of the a wide range of divisions of the organization and the acquisition of USF, in 2006 Yellow Roadway Corp changed its name to YRC Worldwide, Inc. n March 2009, Yellow Transportation and Roadway at long last converged to make YRC. In 2003, Yellow paid $966 million for Roadway to make Yellow-Roadway Corporation. This securing gave them control of over 15% of the not exactly truckload (LTL) advertise. The arrangement esteemed Roadway at $48 an offer, a 60% premium, and expected Yellow to accept $140 million owing debtors. After the declaration of the obtaining, Roadway shares rose 54%, while Yellow offers fell abou t 5%. The consolidated organization speaks to just 1% of the $600 billion worldwide cargo transportation advertise. The way that 70% of Yellows business was from assembling and 70% of Roadways business was from retail upheld the choice to stay as independent activities. The administrators from the two organizations stressed that their mix was carefully a merger, not a purchase out, since the two organizations were viably working all alone. The close to term methodology for the mix was to lessen back-office costs, not to pack the conveyance organize by cutting off terminals and laying truckers. Since the two brands were so ground-breaking in the commercial center, the choice to work independently and rival each other appeared to be a decent choice to consistently arrive at new markets and increase more clients. Yellows director, William Zollars evaluated that by joining back office activities, the recently framed organization could spare about $45 million in the principal year. The outcome was a 13% expansion in income and a 43% expansion in pay from proceeding with activities from the past quarter. Upon the acknowledgment of these extra cost decreases, this procedure seemed to have paid off. During 2005, Yellow Roadway Corp. paid $1. 5 billion for USF Corporation. This procurement gave them passage into the local, short-term cargo advertise everywhere throughout the nation. This new market was becoming quicker than the long stretch market that Yellow Roadway right now served so it was a significant vital advance for them. At last, the arrangement would invigorate the biggest LTL carrier’s fortress in local and following day administrations. The expansion of USF will likewise grow Yellow’s national and worldwide transportation administrations. As indicated by Zollars, â€Å"USF speaks to a superb chance to use the effective system that was utilized with Roadway. † Basically this implies keeping up the solid separate brand personalities, client interfaces and particular activities of every specialty unit. This procurement likewise upgraded Yellow Roadways current coordinations and truckload abilities. USF investors got $29. 25 in real money and $0. 32 of Yellow Roadway shares for each USF share claimed. At that point, they were scrutinized for overpaying (by 16%) for USF stock, however since the past acquisitions end up being effective, management’s choice had some validity. (or then again held promising) with roadway securing, examiners said the business has such a large number of terminals, trucks and a lot of limit. They need to take a gander at covering tasks and cut limit. Greg consumes, transportation investigator at jp morgan. With the acquisitions of Roadway and USF, Yellow made a consolidated undertaking that normal to have yearly income of $9 billion, with in excess of 70,000 representatives and 1,00 help areas. In 2007, organization had tasks in 70 nations and gave coordinations just as worldwide, national and provincial transportation administrations. Works as the largets ltl supplier in the US and is one of the biggest transportation specialist co-ops on the planet. Companys two biggest auxiliaries, Yellow and Roadway Express take into account more than 300,000 customers in the retail, discount, assembling and government segments in North America. Offers gracefully chain answers for heavyweight shipments and serves clients who transport modern, business and retail merchandise.

Health Care Spending Essay Example for Free

Human services Spending Essay In the previous seven decades social insurance spending has been expanding hugely. The modern time acquired another framework to assist populace with dueling with the expense of clinical consideration. New innovation has become a truly necessary putting resources into the 21st century which has respect an incredible edge among little and enormous offices. When taking a gander at all of these variables there is no big surprise the country is spend an excessive amount of cash on human services, in spite of the fact that now and again may appear that there isn't sufficient. It appears that the correct speculation is expected to help those that need assistance the most the old and jobless, with the economy in a delicate state and joblessness rates expanding with the quarters there is no doubt that choices about how we are spending on medicinal services needs to change. Despite the fact that such a significant number of elements are engaged with the spending this paper would concentrate on our present degree of consumptions, how and where is the cash spent, estimating what might be coming straightaway. Current degree of national medicinal services consumptions As indicated by Physicians for a National Health Program (2012), â€Å"National Health Expenditures was $2.8 trillion, and the spending as a percent of GDP was 18% for 2012† (National Health Expenditure Projections: Modest Annual Growth until Coverage Expands and Economic Growth Accelerates). When taking a gander at these realities many would even contend we are spending very enough with regards to social insurance or maybe to an extreme, anyway is the direct inverse insufficient spending is in the opportune spot. These figures doesn't speak to the spent on one zone of human services the chart underneath will give a thought with respect to what, when, and where was spent on 2009. All out = $2.3 Trillion Source: Martin A.B. et al., â€Å"Growth In US Health Spending Remained Slow in 2010; Health Share of Gross Domestic Product Was Unchanged from 2009,† Health Affairs, 2012. As appeared on the diagram 51% of the spending is towards emergency clinic care and doctor/clinical administrations which are incredible to be put resources into, anyway the remainder of the spending as I would see it isn't relatively disperse, yes those regions are critical yet it would be helpful if more can be conveyed along drug, and different experts administrations to incorporate the testing and analyze of genuine diseases, for example, malignant growth. The venture is require to finance the necessities on these regions, 45 percent of individuals under age 65 who dont have protection inclusion for remedies said they had not filled a solution in the most recent year on account of the expense. Moreover, 84 percent of working-age individuals in the U.S. without protection inclusion for remedies said they had made some move, for example, spending less on staple goods or delaying taking care of different tabs so as to pay for their meds, an expansion from 71 percent a year ago (Rowan, 2012). As to for patients with malignant growth there ought to be all the more subsidizing for the new innovation accessible for test that numerous patients don't know, since they can't manage the cost of it or essentially in light of the fact that it isn't accessible in their general vicinity. Spending: Too much or insufficient? In 2010, $2.6 trillion was spent on medicinal services administrations and items, 61 percent of which bought emergency clinic care, doctor and clinical administrations, and retail physician endorsed drugs. Private medical coverage paid for 33 percent, cash based hotspots for 12 percent, and other outsider payers and projects for 7 percent. The two biggest government human services projects, Medicare and Medicaid, bought $925.1 billion worth of medicinal services merchandise and enterprises in 2010, representing 36 percent of absolute social insurance spending (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2012). The expansion of cost would keep on ascending as per business analysts, medicinal services chiefs, and consultants compelling for another change to change the framework. Therefore many are not very please with this thought is an extraordinary that can't be keep away from, there is a need to change in approaches and techniques where we spent or put resources into medicinal services. Proposing that the speculation is too little would be a forswearing proclamation, regular an ever increasing number of patients are depending on projects, for example, Medicare and Medicaid to get the consideration required right now. As the financial downturn set in more profound less would be accessible to bear the cost of simply the fundamental needs, drug or any treatment; joblessness rates are on the ascent and it doesn't appear it would stop at any point in the near future. In spite of the fact that the new change would attempt to set up some kind of security, until the insurance agencies and approach producers go to a consent to give an all inclusive premium to support which can be reasonable for all, similar issues would keep on rising. Numerous elements additionally have impact on spending considering for instance the interest for new innovation in the 21st century; this pattern has become somewhat a factor in the ascent on social insurance spending. Quite a bit of this new innovation is valuable on the off chance that it gives another approach to utilized as of now set up innovation, anyway numerous investigations have uncovered that the majority of them are just here to supplant such innovation and at certain conditions increment the expense of administration. As a nation a more profound thought of such innovation is required not exclusively to set aside cash, however to contribute admirably with regards to what might enable the framework to cut in spending. Future monetary needs of human services For a considerable length of time to come the suffering impacts of the monetary downturn and moderate recuperation, due for the most part in light of incomplete development in earnings, are relied upon to keep on constraining wellbeing spending development. In 2014 the inclusion extensions spread out in the Affordable Care Act for Medicaid and for private health care coverage are required to expand the development rate for wellbeing spending, with prominent increments expected in spending on doctor administrations and professionally prescribed medications for recently protected patients. Before the year's over, higher salary development and the proceeding with move of children of post war America into Medicare are relied upon to cause wellbeing spending to develop around two rate focuses quicker than by and large financial development, which is about a similar differential experienced in the course of recent years. Consequently an essential change of a national medicinal services maybe would give the change required, the main issue with this proposal is the subsidizing. Along these lines a national medicinal services would enable each resident to arrive at the so required clinical consideration required at a reasonable value there is nothing unexpected that the financing through Federal projects are diminishing, and the expense of private protection continues raising. Along these lines a more assessed change ought to be set up where the expense of care ought to be directed, and progressively moderate alternatives are given to the populace; an expansion on repayment of social insurance for fundamental wellbeing needs is important to finance the expense for complex wellbeing needs so as to keep the cost managed. As indicated by Centers For Medicare And Medicaid Services (2011), â€Å"In 2014, national wellbeing spending is anticipated to ascend to 7.4 percent, or 2.1 rate focuses quicker than without change, as the significant inclusion extensions from the Affordable Care Act (ACA) are relied upon to bring about 22 million less uninsured people† (National Health Expenditure Projections 2011-2021). Increments in Medicaid spending development, and private health care coverage development will add to the general quickening in national wellbeing spending in 2014. There is no doubt that innovation would likewise keep on raising to enable the framework to give the most ideal and quick route administrations to those out of luck. Putting more in social insurance can just profit the country; anyway the correct choices should be made so as to monitor the spending development. Reference Places for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2012). Recovered from http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/downloads/dsm-10.pdf Places for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2011). Recovered from http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and - Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/Downloads/Proj2011PDF.pdf Martin A.B. et al., â€Å"Growth In US Health Spending Remained Slow in 2010; Health Share of Gross Domestic Product Was Unchanged from 2009,† Health Affairs, 2012. Doctors for a National Health Program. (2012). Recovered from http://www.pnhp.org/news/2012/june/2012-medicinal services spending-including-organization Rowan, K. (2012). Fox news.com. Recovered from http://www.foxnews.com/wellbeing/2012/09/13/why-americans-solutions are-going-unfilled/

MA thesis proposal Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mama proposition - Research Proposal Example Internet based life assumes a significant job in advertising office in private and open divisions. Web access isn't constrained to amusement and data yet proceeds onward to offering electronic types of assistance. The administration of Saudi Arabia has, for instance, understood the significance of web and has given it extraordinary consideration. Advertising authorities likewise think, as indicated by Alenizi, that web applications have a high capacity to lift work quality and speed of the association to convey administrations to their clients. An examination by Alshehri likewise shows that the utilization of electronic application contributes in limiting the expense and hoisting the nature of creation (Jenaibi, 2013). Thus, and as per http://www.yesser.gov.sa, an electronic government program drawn from the illustrious declaration number 7/b/23181 of every 2003 expressed that all administration substances need to offer electronic types of assistance through the service of correspond ence and data innovation (Saud and Khan, 2013). Saud and Khan (2013) demonstrated that the utilization of web based life in Saudi Arabia is ascending with increment in the entrance to cell phones. In 2012, the quantity of Facebook clients in the realm of Saudi Arabia was 6 million and in 2013, the number expanded to 7.8 million. So also, Saudi twitter clients expanded from 3,000,000 out of 2012 to 5,000,000 out of 2013. The country’s utilization of Instagram expanded from 4 million clients in 2012 to 5.7 million of every 2013. As indicated by Shorkey and Uebel (2014), numerous organizations in Saudi Arabia, open and private, utilize internet based life for promoting. The examination featured Flynas, STC, McDonald’s and Toyota as the top brands on Facebook. Jenaibi (2013) features Aramco, SABIC and STC as the top positioning organizations on Twitter. Organizations that bargain in beautifying agents and vehicles are the ones that rank high in the utilization of Instagram in Saudi Arabia. A solitary exclusive organizati on in the nation can have up to

Recalculating High School GPAs How Its Done

HomeApplyCollege AdmissionsRecalculating High School GPAs: How Its DoneThis page may contain affiliate links.Nov 27, 2019Ask any college admissions officer the most important part of a high school senior’s application and the answer is likely, â€Å"The strength of the student’s curriculum and the grades the student gets in those classes.† Sounds straightforward, no? It should be. But it’s often more complicated than that, thanks to high schools’ various grading scales, including weighted averages. Colleges sometimes recalculate high school GPAs as a way to deal with this. Converting GPAs In its 2018 report, â€Å"State of College Admission, the National Association for College Admissions Counseling (NACAC) found that of the top five factors in admissions decisions, three relate to high school classes—grades in college prep classes, grades in all classes, and strength of curriculum. But how do colleges compare the grades from High School A, which grades on a numerical scale (0-100) to High School B, which gives 4 points for every A, 3 points for a B, etc., treating physics and PE the same (both unweighted GPAs)? And what about High School C, which gives extra points for Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) classes, to reflect the rigor of those classes, where an A gets 5 or 6 points and a student’s grade point average (GPA) can be higher than a 4.0 (a weighted GPA)? Pretty confusing stuff. To help level the playing field, the SAT was introduced. It was intended to be a standardized, uncoachable test that measured students’ academic ability and avoided the difficulties of comparing many different grading scales. Although whether or not it’s achieved its goal is debatable, it has leveled the playing field somewhat.But it’s not a perfect system, and we’re often left still trying to understand how colleges understand high school GPAs. How Does Your High School Calculate Your GPA? Colleges know that a student’s performance in high school classes is the best measure of how a student will perform in college. But that still leaves applicants with a lot of questions. For instance, when a college publishes the median GPA of its incoming freshman class, what does that number mean? And how do you know whether your GPA is a â€Å"good† GPA for a particular college? The first step is to understand how your high school calculates your GPA. If your high school uses letter grades, those grades are converted to a numerical equivalent (a widely used scale is 4.0 = A, 3.7 = A-, 3.3 = B+, etc.). The school the adds together all of the class grade numerical equivalents for each grading period for which your high school calculates your GPA (semester, trimester, yearly), and divides by the number of classes. For example: English 11 A = 4.0 Geometry B+ = 3.3 World History B = 3.0 Chemistry B- = 2.7 Spanish III A = 4.0 17 divided by 5 classes = 3.4 GPA To calculate your cumulative GPA, add together the GPAs for each of the grading periods on your transcript and divide by the number of grading periods. The College Board has a useful GPA calculator describing how to convert GPAs to a 4.0 scale. If your English and World History classes are AP classes and your high school has a weighted grading scale, your A in English might be worth 5 points and your B in World History worth 4. If you have a choice, report your weighted GPA on your applications. Unlike an unweighted GPA, it reflects not just your grade, but also the rigor of your curriculum. But how will a college know that As in your high school are much harder to get than As in your friend’s high school across town? Comparing Different High Schools When your high school sends your transcript to colleges, it’s usually accompanied by a high school â€Å"profile.† This document is critically important to college admissions officers, especially for high schools from which they’ve had few applicants. The profile typically provides lots of facts about your high school including student population, number of faculty members, and other demographics. It also provides a breakdown on how the grading system works and which classes are included in the GPA calculation (i.e., only academics or are electives and classes like music and art included as well), and what advanced classes the school offers. Sometimes a profile will provide a chart showing the GPA ranges of students in last year’s senior class. If a tiny percentage of last year’s seniors had GPAs in the 3.8-4.0 range, that tells a college just how tough that school’s grading might be Some colleges create a kind of grade equivalency among applicants by recalculating students’ GPAs. Some colleges simply use their own scale to recalculate applicants’ transcripts so they can be easily compared. Other colleges recalculate the GPA by dropping electives or non-academic classes (that A in Physics counts, while the A in PE is dropped). Some colleges drop an applicant’s 9th grade grades or only use grades through 11th grade. Each college’s system is as unique as each high school’s, which makes it difficult to fully understand what a college is going to do with your high school GPA. But you can rest assured that while it varies from school to school, all applicants to a particular college will have their high school grades evaluated in the same way. Some Examples Let’s take a closer look at the way some different colleges recalculate high school GPAs. University of California The University of California system recalculates applicants’ GPAs, including only college prep classes and awarding 4 points for an A. An extra point for each semester of honors-level classes (which for out-of-state students is defined as only AP and IB classes) in 10th and 11th grades, up to a maximum of 8 points. The system is very explicit about the GPA minimums they seek—3.0 for California residents and 3.4 for out-of-state applicants. University of Michigan The University of Michigan recalculates GPAs using an unweighted 4.0 scale for all classes in 9th through 11th grade, ignoring plusses and minuses (that is, they treat a B+, B, and B- equally as a B). But the university’s website also says, â€Å"Additionally, we review the number of demanding courses separately, and during the holistic review process the rigor of the applicant’s curriculum is taken into consideration.† Wellesley College But other colleges, like Wellesley College, use a different approach. Wellesley explains on its website, â€Å"We really don’t spend much time on the GPA (weighted or unweighted),†¦instead we read each transcript line by line and look at the student’s performance in each individual class. We pay close attention to the rigor a student has taken at their high school†¦, but do not place a whole lot of value in their calculated GPA due to so many variations.† What Makes a Good GPA? So what’s a â€Å"good† GPA for a college? As you can probably guess, it varies from school to school. To give you some idea, many colleges publish a profile of their incoming freshman class that often includes an average GPA. Read carefully what the number represents. Maybe it’s the average GPA of admitted students, which is likely to be higher than the GPA of students in the entering class. The important distinction here is that the former might include the GPAs of students who also were accepted at and chose to attend a more competitive school. Also look to see if the college defines the GPA. Is it weighted? Unweighted? Re-calculated? In the absence of an explanation, it’s hard to know what that number means. But you can use it as a guide. If your unweighted GPA is significantly higher or lower than that number, you will have a sense of whether you will be competitive for admission. How a college will assess your transcript is important to know in order to understand how that college will evaluate your high school performance. But given the many variations in how colleges view GPAs, there’s no secret to how to put together the â€Å"best† transcript other than getting good grades in classes that challenge you. Every college wants to see applicants who have tested themselves with rigorous courses in high school, even if that means an occasional grade lower than you might earn in an easier course. Every college likes to see students whose grades trend upward during high school (unless, of course, you have a straight A average from the start of 9th grade!). And while your transcript may be the most important part of your application, it’s not the only part that colleges evaluate.

Pips Aspirations in Great Expectations - Literature Essay Samples

Great Expectations is the account of a young boy’s transition into adulthood as Pip, the central character, searches for contentment. Born into no particular wealth or distinction, he may have lived wholly satisfied with his modest pedigree had it not been for his association with Miss Havisham and consequently Estella. It was with Estella’s bold expression of â€Å"contempt† for Pip’s â€Å"coarse† appearance that a shadow of discontent was cast over his menial existence. Pip was rapidly overwhelmed by this darkness; it incited in him aspirations towards a brighter, more â€Å"uncommon,†Ã¢â‚¬Å"gentlemanly† existence. This paper traces Pip’s attempts to reach that status and how he ultimately finds contentment.The novel begins with Pip as the quintessential innocent, but his parents’ deaths and his encounter with an escaped convent quickly initiate Pip to his difficult journey to adulthood. This opening incident triggers t he restlessness that governs a majority of the novel’s tone.The impressionable Pip becomes disillusioned upon his first excursion to the ironically named Satis house. Pip is deeply affected by the abovementioned slight from the shrewd, alluring Estella; his overwhelmed heart becomes the most prominent influence on his young life. Quickly after his encounter with Estella, Pip comes to equate being a gentleman with being happy. He simultaneously becomes conscious to the fact that his current situation severely hinders his ability to become a gentleman. Pip’s ambition to become a gentleman, though unlikely, is not unfounded. The early part of the Victorian era saw the rise of the middle class and consequently a great blurring of social distinctions. The unsophisticated began to flourish by way of merchant trade, gaining equal footing with the Victorian â€Å"gentlemen† formerly defined by possession of wealth and property. One specific trait associated with gentlem en in Pip’s society was education, but beyond that society’s definition of gentility was ambiguous. Dickens’ writing is similarly ambiguous; he leaves it to readers to speculate as to how a Victorian gentleman appears and is perceived.Pip quickly gains his own perspective on society’s conception of a gentleman. His desire to attain this end might have been respected as assertiveness had it not been for his injudicious motives. His only goal is to attain Estella’s respect and admiration. He feels that confidence defines a gentleman, as does a self-assured pretense of superiority, particular mannerisms, and thorough education. Pip is unaware that knowledge does not equate to intelligence, and neither guarantees sophistication.Pip never directly confirms that he believes leaving the lower-class working world would elevate him in Estella’s eyes, but he laments his status based on the assumption that it would. He therefore begins to feel dissatis fied with his devoted â€Å"true friend,† Joe, and their way of life: â€Å"I wish my boots weren’t so thick nor my hands so coarse,† he says, and goes on to divulge that he believed himself to be â€Å"ignorant and backward† (105). Joe attempts to console him by comparing Pip’s fundamental education with that of a prince, but Pip is not swayed. Pip is entirely fixed on becoming a gentleman when opportunity strikes. Miss Havisham’s lawyer informs him of his endowed â€Å"expectations.† Pip begins to revel in the thought that his life is actually headed towards that of a gentleman – and toward Estella. Hasty in his conviction that Miss Havisham is indeed his benefactor and intends him for Estella, he toils little over his decision to leave the forge. At this point, assuming a secure future, Pip’s contempt for the â€Å"common or coarse† is fully ingrained. Without yet bettering himself, he sees himself bettered. He displays his newfound arrogance to Biddy upon her attempt to check his swelling pride: â€Å"You are envious, Biddy, and grudging. You are dissatisfied on account of my rise in fortune† (181). Pip’s egoism in this situation is unbecoming; it draws further attention to his inexperience. Pip’s departure from Gad’s Hill at the end of the first volume epitomizes his departure from innocence. The second stage of Great Expectations sees Pip coming to realize his goal to an insincere degree. Whereas a true gentleman comfortably and unconscientiously resides in his role, Pip is not yet accustomed to it; he feels obliged to act the part but does not necessarily succeed. His self-conscious attempts at the gentleman role are obvious as he contemplates the potential confrontation of Trabb’s boy upon return to Gad’s Hill: â€Å"Deeming that a serene and unconscious contemplation of him would best beseem me, and would be most likely to quell his evil mi nd, I advanced with that expression of countenance, and was rather congratulating myself on my success† (274). Pip believes acknowledgment of the boy, who was of similar age (and previously, status) is now beneath him. The conscious effort put forth to rebuff Trabb’s boy is taken with warranted offense, as Pip has become a condescending shell of a gentleman. Pip’s discomfort with his newly acquired status was evidently apparent to the ill-mannered boy of Mr. Trabb, who upon receiving the snub made use of every opportunity to humiliate â€Å"Mr. Pip.† While Pip had outwardly expressed indifference to the boy, he admits that â€Å"Words cannot state the amount of aggravation and injury wreaked upon me† (275) – hardly the cool reaction one would expect from a more sophisticated gentleman.The end of the second and the third stage of Great Expectations reveal the destruction of Pip’s optimism and the consequent nullification of his desire t o be a gentleman. With the abrupt return and revelation of his benefactor, Pip’s fear of being apprehended for aiding an escaped convict eclipses any desire to consider his outward appearance. In addition, he comes to realize that â€Å"gentleman† is merely a title. Estella has commenced a courtship with Bently Drummle, who – if accepted by Estella – should theoretically personify Pip’s assertions. But in attempting to discern the characteristics that make Drummle a gentleman, Pip becomes disillusioned with and turns away from the role of gentleman. One may interpret Great Expectations as a novel of failure, in that Pip fails to realize his initial objective of becoming a gentleman, but perhaps this is a fortunate failure. Pip comes to appreciate the contentment that comes with existence as a good, honest man and not necessarily a gentleman – whatever that means. He realizes, in the end, that happiness is not reserved to gentlemen alone.

What Do You Do for Good Health - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 327 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/21 Category Health Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Diet Essay Problems Essay Did you like this example? Health is Wealth† is very much true. One must try hard to remain healthy ,if we are healthy ,we can easily fight with other problems of life. people do many different things to remain healthy . some go for healthy diet, other recommended exercise, and rest thinks health awareness is important ,after all â€Å"Prevention is better than cure. † A healthy diet is very necessary to remain healthy. People must take care of their diet. Everybody should read the ingredients before buying any eatables as well as how any vitamins it contains Americans are facing a very big problem of obesity. This is due to their unhealthy diet ,mostly people used to eat in fast food restaurants. Obesity leads to many health problems like heart attack, blood pressure, Cholesterol problem. Fat people can work less and with less efficiency. Balance diet which contains fruits, green vegetable ,juices fibre are healthier choices for your regular die . proper diet plan is always helpful for be tter health like less oily and sugary food . Sticking to healthy diet keep you in great shape and in a healthy life style. Exercise is helpful to maintain our healthy lifestyle. Few minutes of exercise can make lot difference. While exercising, your body releases chemicals called endorphins that can improve your mood and the way you feel about yourself . Another source of exercise is yoga. Yoga not only gives physical exercise but also mental relaxation. Meditation is another source of exercise and realising stress this helps you in oncentrating your work as well as relaxing out of this stress full lifeScientists at North- western University say sleep problems affect millions of adults, who could likely improve their quality of sleep, vitality, and mood with regular aerobic exercise. Health awareness is factor that people are living longer. Regular medical checkup, clean and tidy life style ,nutritious food are few examples. Everybody should read the ingredients before buying any eatables as well as how many vitamins it contains. People Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What Do You Do for Good Health" essay for you Create order